Ultrasonic transducers for on-line applications
Granted: December 15, 1987
Patent Number:
4713572
A transducer for transmitting or receiving ultrasound in on-line applications is disclosed. The transducer comprises a piezoelectric element having the shape of a parallelepiped, and a nosepiece rigidly attached to a surface of the element and adapted for contact with sheet material through which ultrasound is propagated.
Isotopic radiation method and apparatus for measuring the resinous binder applied to a mat of glass fibers
Granted: July 8, 1986
Patent Number:
4599514
A traveling mat (10) of glass fibers that have been coated with a resinous binder is measured so as to determine quantitatively the mass of binder per unit area of the mat, by directing into the traveling mat gamma rays (26) from a first radiation source (28) comprising americium-241 isotope, also directing into the traveling mat isotopic X-rays (30) from a second radiation source (32) comprising curium-244 isotope, detecting (at 22) the gamma rays from the traveling mat to produce a…
Measuring the percentage or fractional moisture content of paper having a variable infrared radiation scattering characteristic and containing a variable amount of a broadband infrared radiation absorber
Granted: March 18, 1986
Patent Number:
4577104
The moisture in paper is measured using a first set of infrared radiation wavelengths that have about the same absorption coefficients for the fiber constitutent of the paper but have substantially different absorption coefficients for the moisture contained in the paper, and a second set of infrared wavelengths that have about the same absorption coefficients for the moisture contained in the paper but have substantially different absorption coefficients for the fiber constituent, both…
Sheet measuring apparatus with two structurally isolated non-contacting surface follower bodies and wireless signal transmission
Granted: July 9, 1985
Patent Number:
4528507
For measuring a property such as caliper of a traveling sheet, a sensor body and a target body are located on opposite sides of the sheet and constrained (e.g., by gas bearings) along a sensor path intersecting the path of the sheet. Gas bearings maintain these bodies at, substantially constant distances from the opposite surfaces of the sheet while permitting them to move in response to the position and thickness of the sheet. An active sensor element aboard the sensor body and a…
Apparatus for control of the slice opening on a slice lip on a headbox
Granted: July 2, 1985
Patent Number:
4526654
A device for control of the slice opening of a slice on a headbox contains several jackscrews that are distributed along and act against the control lip of the slice. A first carriage is moveable along a first track that is parallel to the row of jackscrews. A second carriage runs on a track on the first carriage in direction across the first track. The second carriage contains a drive motor that has a gripping device. By means of control devices and driving devices, the carriages are…
Sheet property sensor with sheet wrinkle remover
Granted: May 22, 1984
Patent Number:
4449398
Apparatus is provided for sensing a property of a sheet (18). A sensor element (32) is adapted to be placed alongside the sheet path, and a base member (34) is adapted to be positioned on one side of the sheet and in sliding contact with one surface thereof. The sensor element is enabled to produce a sheet property sensing interaction with the sheet in a limited region of the sheet path, the interaction region being movable to any one of a plurality of sensing locations spaced across the…
Pneumatic surface follower with negative feedback of a variable force counteracting the levitating force
Granted: May 22, 1984
Patent Number:
4450404
A gauging apparatus for sheet materials and the like comprises a surface follower body (14,20,30) adapted to be constrained without substantial solid bodily contact and guided (e.g., by gas bearings between 32 and 36 and 38) for movement along a surface follower path that intersects the path of a traveling sheet (10) to be gauged. The body has a passage (46) adapted to carry a flow of pressurized gas to be discharged against one surface of the sheet. The discharge of the gas is effective…
Gauge having a surface follower with peripheral vent
Granted: March 6, 1984
Patent Number:
4434649
An apparatus such as a caliper gauge can be utilized in performing a measurement, such as a thickness measurement, of a traveling sheet or the like. The apparatus comprises a surface follower body (18, 72, 74) adapted to be constrained during the measurement for movement along a surface follower path intersecting the path of the sheet (10, 80) and urged by a force toward one surface of the sheet. The body has a gas confining wall (32a, 90, 104) bounded by a uniformly distributed…
Dynamically standardized radiant energy method and apparatus for plural channel gain independent material property measurement
Granted: November 10, 1981
Patent Number:
4300049
A method and apparatus for determining a property of a material (10) utilizes a source (28) of measuring radiation and reference radiation, a measuring information channel including a detector (30) for the measuring radiation, and a reference information channel including a detector (32) for the reference radiation. A channel-monitoring radiation is also produce. In a standardizing mode, a monitor-standardization response (M.sub.11 or R.sub.11) is derived from each of the two channels…
Sensor position independent material property determination using radiant energy
Granted: June 30, 1981
Patent Number:
4276480
A radiant energy method and apparatus is used to determine a property such as thickness or weight per unit area of a material (14 or 40 or 170 or 238), e.g., a sheet, that is located or moving generally in a predetermined spatial relation to a first reference position (16a or 40a or 56a). A second reference position (22, 56 or 230) is defined. A sensor means (18 or 44; or 102, 112, 106 and 108; or 150, 154 and 158; or 214 and 216; or 236, 242 and 244) responds to a condition of the…
Fluid system and method
Granted: May 5, 1981
Patent Number:
4266142
A radiation device, such as an instrument for gauging a property of moving sheet materials, has a surface including window means in the path of radiation affecting the output of a radiation detector. The radiation transmission characteristics of the portion of the radiation path including the window means are maintained substantially constant so as to reduce the probability of error in the detector output response resulting from the presence of an unpredictable amount of extraneous…
